A."Asbestos" means that unique group of naturally occurring minerals that separate into fibers of high tensile strength, resistant to heat, wear, and chemicals, described as the following types: chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, tremolite, anthopyllite, and actinolite, and every product containing any of these materials that have been chemically treated and/or altered which after manufacture are used for such products and end uses including but not limited to insulation, textiles, paper, cement, sheets, floor tile, wall covering, decorations, coating, sealants, cement pipe and reinforced plastics and other compounds.
B."Asbestos-related disease" means any illness or disease, other than for benign conditions of the pleura, suspected of being related to asbestos exposure, including, but not limited to, mesothelioma, asbestosis, and lung cancer believed to be caused by asbestos exposure.
C."Carrier" means a person or animal that harbors a specific infectious agent without discernible clinical disease and serves as a potential source of infection.
D."Case" or "Patient" means a person who is suspected or confirmed to be ill, infected, exposed to, or diagnosed with a reportable disease.
E."Clinical laboratory" means a facility for the biological, microbiological, serological, chemical, immunohematological, hematological, radiobioassay, cytological, pathological, genomic, or any other examination of materials derived from the human body for the purpose of providing information for the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of any disease or impairment of, or the assessment of the health of human beings.
F."Controlled substance" means a drug, substance, or immediate precursor in schedules I-V listed by R.I. Gen Laws Chapter 21-28.
G.“Culture Independent Diagnostic Test” or “CIDT” means any laboratory assay that detects the molecular or antigenic signature of pathogens independent of generating an isolate, including but not limited to microscopy, immunoassays, and Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT)s.
H."Diagnosis of AIDS" means the most current surveillance case definition for AIDS published by the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC).
I."Diagnosis of HIV" means the most current surveillance case definition for HIV infection published by the CDC.
J."Director" means the Director of Health or his/her designee.
K."Disease report" means an official notice to the appropriate authority of the occurrence of a specified disease in humans or animals, in accordance with the requirements stated in these Regulations.
L."Emergency service worker" means a worker responding on behalf of a licensed ambulance/rescue service, fire department, or law enforcement agency.
M."Health care facility" means those facilities licensed by the Department in accordance with the provisions of R.I. Gen Laws Chapter 23-17.
N."Health care provider" means a physician, physician assistant, or certified nurse practitioner licensed to practice in Rhode Island.
O."Infectious disease" means an illness due to a specific infectious agent or its toxic products that arises through transmission of that agent or its products from an infected person, animal, or inanimate reservoir to a susceptible host.
P."Occupational disease" means a disease or condition which is believed to be caused or aggravated by conditions in the individual's workplace.
Q."Occupational health representative" means an individual, within a health care facility, trained to respond to occupational, particularly blood borne, exposures.
R.“RIDOH” means the Rhode Island Department of Health.
S."Surveillance" means the practice of monitoring the occurrence and spread of disease. Included are the systematic collection and evaluation of: morbidity and mortality reports; special reports of field investigations, epidemics and individual cases; isolations and identifications of infectious agents in laboratories; data concerning the availability and use of vaccines; immune globulin, pesticides and other substances used in disease control; information regarding immunity levels in segments of the population, and of other relevant epidemiologic data. The procedure applies to all jurisdictional levels of public health, from local to international.
1.5.1Timeframes
A.The lists cited in § 1.5.3 of this Part pertain to individuals and facilities required to report pursuant to § 1.4.1 of this Part. Cases due to the diseases listed below shall be reported to the RIDOH within the timelines indicated. Reportable diseases are grouped as follows:
1.Immediately reportable diseases shall be reported within twenty-four (24) hours of recognition or strong suspicion of disease.
2.All other reportable conditions shall be reported within four (4) days of recognition or suspicion.
1.5.2Methods
A.Case reports must be submitted on a RIDOH case report form as specified by the RIDOH website. The minimal information required when submitting a case report form includes: disease being reported, patient’s full name, address, city, State, zip code, phone number, date of birth, gender, race and ethnicity, date of onset, and physicians’ name and phone number.
B.Clinical laboratories, including those outside of Rhode Island, performing examinations on any specimens derived from Rhode Island residents that yield evidence of infection due to the diseases listed in § 1.5.3 of this Part shall report such evidence of infection directly to RIDOH.
1.Clinical laboratories shall submit specimens, isolate, or samples to RIDOH immediately upon request.
C.The minimal information required when submitting a laboratory report includes: a laboratory contact, test results, date of specimen collection, patient’s full name, date of birth, sex, address, patient’s phone number, and name of ordering health care provider.
D.Reporting methods include, but are not limited to the following:
1.Mail to: Rhode Island Department of Health, Division of Preparedness, Response, Infectious Diseases, and Emergency Medical Services, 3 Capitol Hill, Providence RI 02908-5097.
2.Fax to RIDOH using fax numbers on the reporting forms.
3.Telephone: Between 8:30 am – 4:30 pm (Monday – Friday): (401) 222-2577. For telephone reporting for immediately reportable diseases after hours call (401) 272-5952.
4.Electronic reporting of clinical and laboratory results to RIDOH.
5.Organizations that house reportable disease data must allow RIDOH to access the database for data mining from various data sources, including, but not limited to: electronic laboratory reports, medical records, health information exchange feeds, syndromic surveillance feeds, immunization and other disease registries, and billing data.
1.5.3Reportable Disease and Conditions
A.For the conditions listed below, invasive disease must be confirmed by isolation from blood, cerebral spinal fluid, pericardial fluid, pleural fluid, peritoneal fluid, joint fluid, urine, or other normally sterile site.
B.Pregnant women with a reportable infectious disease listed in § 1.5.3 of this Part that can be transmitted to the unborn child or infant must be reported within four (4) days of recognition. For example, HIV, Zika, syphilis, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, rubella, etc.
C.If testing is positive for any of the reportable conditions listed below and is performed with a Culture Independent Diagnostic Test (CIDT), the laboratory must perform reflexive culture or transport the original specimen to another laboratory to perform culture. If the culture is positive, the isolate must be recovered and sent to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories for those organisms as indicated in §§ 1.4.3(D) and (E) of this Part. Both positive and negative culture results must be reported to RIDOH.
D.Immediately Reportable Diseases and Conditions must be reported within twenty-four (24) hours.
1.Animal bites
2.Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus cereus biovar anthracis)
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
3.Arboviral infections (e.g., West Nile, Eastern Equine Encephalitis, Powassan, Zika, Chikungunya, Yellow Fever)
4.Botulism (Clostridium botulinum)
a.Laboratories must submit the specimen to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
5.Brucellosis (Brucella species)
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
6.Cholera (Vibrio cholerae)
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
7.Ciguatera
8.Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin
9.Diphtheria (Corynebacterium diptheriae)
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
10.Encephalitis (any infectious cause)
11.Glanders (Burkholderia mallei)
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
12.Hantavirus (All species)
13.Hepatitis A
a.Laboratories must report aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and Bilirubin Total and Bilirubin Direct.
14.Measles (Rubeola)
a.Laboratories must submit the specimen to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
15.Melioidosis (Burkholderia pseudomallei)
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
16.Meningococcal Disease- invasive (Neisseria meningitidis)
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
17.Novel coronavirus
18.Outbreaks and clusters as defined in §1.5.4 of this Part
19.Paralytic shellfish poisoning
20.Plague (Yersinia pestis)
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
21.Poliomyelitis (polio virus)
22.Q-Fever (Coxiella burnetii)
a.Laboratories must submit specimen to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
23.Rabies (animal)
a.Laboratories must submit the animal to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
24.Rabies (human)
a.Laboratories must submit specimen to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
25.Ricin poisoning
26.SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
a.Laboratories must submit specimen to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
b.Any public or private entity administering an FDA-approved COVID-19 test shall submit all results, including positive and negative results, promptly with RIDOH.
27.SARS-CoV-2 associated deaths
28.SARS-CoV-2 associated hospitalizations
29.Scombroid poisoning
30.Smallpox (Variola)
a.Laboratories must submit specimen to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
31.Staphylococcal enterotoxin B poisoning
32.Staphylococcus aureus invasive infections: Vancomycin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) or Vancomycin Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA)
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
33.Tularemia (Francisella tularensis)
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
34.Typhoid fever (Salmonella typhi)
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
35.Unexplained deaths (possibly due to unidentified infectious causes)
36.Vibriosis (all Vibrio species)
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
37.Viral hemorrhagic fevers (Ebola, Lassa, Marburg, etc.)
a.Laboratories must submit specimen to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
E.Other Reportable Conditions must be reported within four (4) days
1.Acute Flaccid Myelitis
2.Anaplasmosis (Anaplasma phagocytophilium)
a.Laboratories must submit stained smear to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
3.Babesiosis (all species)
4.Campylobacteriosis (Campylobacter all species)
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
5.Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
6.Chancroid (Haemophilus ducreyi)
7.Chlamydia trachomatis (genital and ophthalmic)
8.Coccidioidomycosis (Coccidioides immitis)
9.Cryptosporidiosis (Cryptosporidium all species)
10.Cyclosporiasis (Cyclospora cayetanensis)
11.Dengue virus
12.Ehrlichiosis (Ehrlichia chaffeensis)
a.Laboratories must submit stained smear to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
13.Escherichia coli, Shiga toxin-producing (STEC)
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
14.Giardiasis (Giardia lamblia)
15.Gonorrhea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae)
16.Granuloma Inguinale (Klebsiella granulomatis)
17.Haemophilus influenzae disease, all serotypes-invasive
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
18.Hansen's disease or Leprosy (Mycobacterium leprae)
19.Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)
20.Hepatitis B, C, D, E, and unspecified viral hepatitis
a.Laboratories must report all positive results.
b.Laboratories must report aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and Bilirubin Total and Bilirubin Direct.
c.Physicians must report all acute Hepatitis cases.
d.Physicians must report pregnancy in a chronic Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C-positive woman using forms required by RIDOH.
21.Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) 1 and 2 /Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
a.Laboratories must report every CD4 cell count and HIV viral load test result performed on an HIV-positive individual.
b.Physicians must report pregnancy in an HIV-positive woman using forms required by RIDOH.
22.Influenza associated deaths
23.Influenza associated hospitalizations
24.Influenza novel virus infections
a.Laboratories much submit all unsubtypable Influenza A specimens to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
25.Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
26.Legionellosis (Legionella pneumophila)
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
27.Leptospirosis (Leptospira interrogans)
28.Listeriosis- invasive (Listeria monocytogenes)
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
29.Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi)
30.Lymphogranuloma Venereum (Chlamydia trachomatis)
31.Malaria (Plasmodium species)
a.Laboratories must submit stained smear to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
32.Meningitis (aseptic, bacterial, viral, or fungal)
33.Mumps (Paramyxovirus)
a.Laboratories must submit the specimen to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
34.Ornithosis/Psittacosis (Chlamydophila psittaci)
35.Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID): all cases, based upon clinical diagnosis
36.Pertussis (Bordetella pertussis)
37.Pneumococcal Disease-invasive (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
38.Rickettsiosis, including Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (Rickettsia – all species)
39.Rubella (including congenital rubella)
a.Laboratories must submit the specimen to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
40.Salmonellosis (Salmonella – all species)
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
41.Shigellosis (Shigella – all species)
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
42.Streptococcal Disease-Group A – invasive
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
43.Streptococcal Disease – Group B- invasive
44.Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (Streptococcus pyogenes)
45.Syphilis – all stages including neurosyphilis and congenital syphilis (Treponema pallidum)
46.Tetanus (Clostridium tetani)
47.Toxic Shock Syndrome (non-Streptococcal)
48.Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (including Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease)
49.Trichinosis (Trichinella species)
50.Tuberculosis Disease (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
51.Varicella (Varicella-Zoster virus)
52.Yersiniosis (Yersinia enterocolitica)
a.Laboratories must submit isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories.
1.5.4Reporting of Outbreaks
A.Any person or entity who is required to report and has knowledge of an outbreak of infectious disease or a cluster of unexplained illness, infectious or non-infectious, whether or not listed in these Regulations, shall immediately report the facts to RIDOH.
B.Outbreaks required to be reported include, but are not limited to:
1.Exotic diseases and unusual group expressions of illness which may be of public health concern.
2.A single case of a disease long absent from a population or the first invasion by a disease not previously recognized in that area.
3.Outbreaks or clusters identified by significant increases in the usual occurrence of the disease in the same area, among the specified population, at the same season of the year.
4.The occurrence of two (2) or more cases of a similar illness resulting from the ingestion of a common food or water source.
5.A cluster of similar illness in institutional settings, including but not limited to nursing homes, hospitals, schools, and day care centers.
6.A single case of rare and/or unusual diagnoses, including but not limited to avian influenza, smallpox, Ebola, SARS, Zika, Borrelia miyamotoi, Candida auris, or human rabies.
7.Outbreaks of unusual diseases or illness that may indicate acts of terrorism using biological agents, including but not limited to anthrax and botulism. See complete list of biological agents in § 1.7.2(A)(1) of this Part.
8.Any condition compatible with exposure to nuclear, radiological, or chemical substances, which could be indicative of radiological or chemical terrorism events.
9.Clusters of overdoses or adverse reactions to a drug, whether prescription or illicit.
1.7.1General Instructions
A.Whenever a Rhode Island licensed clinical laboratory performs tests or has the sample(s) tested out of State for those diseases cited in § 1.5.3 of this Part, the laboratory shall submit to RIDOH all positive findings.
B.Negative laboratory results for those diseases cited in § 1.5.3 of this Part, must be reported for public health surveillance and investigation purposes at the discretion of RIDOH.
C.The report shall consist of a copy of the laboratory findings submitted to the physician or other licensed health care provider who ordered the test. This report shall indicate the name of the case, address of the case, gender, date of birth, telephone number, race, ethnicity, and name of attending physician.
D.All genotyping, molecular detection, and phylogenetic testing results on reportable conditions must be reported to RIDOH.
1.7.2Reporting of Agents of Bioterrorism
A.An immediate report must be made to RIDOH by telephone when an ordering provider requests a test for a potential agent of bioterrorism. After normal business hours, the RIDOH’s after-hours on-call physician must be informed.
1.Potential agents of bioterrorism are:
a.Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis)
b.Botulism (Clostridium botulinum)
c.Brucellosis (Brucella species)
d.Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin
e.Glanders (Burkholderia mallei)
f.Melioidosis (Burkholderia pseudomallei)
g.Plague (Yersinia pestis)
h.Q-fever (Coxiella burnetii)
i.Ricin Poisoning
j.Smallpox (Variola)
k.Staphylococcal enterotoxin B poisoning
l.Tularemia (Francisella tularensis)
m.Viral hemorrhagic fevers (Ebola, Lassa, Marburg, etc.)
2.Clinical laboratories that isolate a potential agent of bioterrorism from a clinical specimen shall perform testing in accordance with the most current American Society of Microbiology (ASM) Sentinel Laboratory protocol as incorporated in §§ 1.2(B) and (C) of this Part, and, if unable to definitively rule out the agent, must submit the isolate to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories for confirmation or further testing.
1.7.3Reporting of Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)
A.Clinical laboratories receiving clinical specimens for the purposes of performing testing for the presence of Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) or Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) testing must submit a specimen to the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories for analysis.
1.This requirement is waived for a Rhode Island licensed hospital laboratory, provided a written memorandum of agreement is in place between the State Health Laboratories and the hospital laboratory.
2.In order to obtain a memorandum of agreement, a hospital laboratory’s mycobacteriology testing methodology and practice must be consistent with national consensus standards as incorporated in § 1.2(D) of this Part.
a.Licensed hospital laboratories that have a written memorandum of agreement with the State Health Laboratories and are performing MTB testing by any methodology shall report all positive results to RIDOH.
b.Positive culture results on an individual must be accompanied by all prior AFB smear results performed by the respective laboratory, and associated with the current episode of illness, whether positive or negative.
B.As part of LTBI surveillance, Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) positive results must be reported.
1.7.4Reporting Perinatal Exposure to HIV
Persons and entities described in § 1.4.1 of this Part must report all positive and negative HIV virologic laboratory tests on infants, zero (0) through twelve (12) months of age.